After positive results from the second interim analysis, patients still receiving placebo could cross over to pembrolizumab monotherapy at the time of confirmed progressive disease. We report updated efficacy outcomes from the protocol-specified final analysis and, for the first time, progression on next line of treatment.Įligible patients were randomized to chemotherapy plus either pembrolizumab (n = 278) or placebo (n = 281). In the randomized KEYNOTE-407 study (, NCT02775435), pembrolizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel/nab-paclitaxel (chemotherapy) significantly improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated metastatic squamous NSCLC. 18 Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.17 HTA Statistics Europe, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Brussels, Belgium.16 Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey.15 Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, People's Republic of China.14 Pyatigorsk Oncology Dispensary, State Healthcare Institute, Pyatigorsk, Russia.13 Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.12 Department of Hematology-Oncology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.11 Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.10 Oncology Center, Medica Sur Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.9 Veszprém Megyei Tüdőgyógyintézet Farkasgyepű, Farkasgyepű, Hungary.8 Department of Medical Oncology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.7 Universitätskinikum Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany.6 Hôpital Larrey, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse, Toulouse, France.5 Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.4 Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.3 Wollongong Oncology, Wollongong Private Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.Electronic address: 2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain. 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, H12o-CNIO Lung Cancer Unit, Universidad Complutense & Ciberonc, Madrid, Spain.
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